INDÍCIOS DOS PILARES DO PENSAMENTO COMPUTACIONAL EM QUESTÕES DO EXAME NACIONAL DO ENSINO MÉDIO (ENEM)

Abstract

This study investigates whether and how decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithms can be mobilized in solving compound interest and amortization system questions in the Enem exam from 1998 to 2023. Using a qualitative approach, nine questions were identified and analyzed based on the four pillars: decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithms. These questions were solved in detail, and the Computacional Thinking (CT) pillars involved in each case were justified in light of the literature. The research revealed that pattern recognition and decomposition were the most frequently activated pillars, reflecting the interpretative nature of the questions, which often involve cash flow analysis and the identification of regularities, such as the transportation of values over time. On the other hand, abstraction and algorithm were identified in three and two questions, respectively, mainly in those requiring algebraic manipulation or systematic procedures. 

Keywords: Computational Thinking, Financial Mathematics, Compound Interest, Enem, Amortization Systems.