CULTURA MATERIAL: OPERAÇÕES ANALÍTICAS DE UM ARTEFATO E SUA ABORDAGEM DIDÁTICA COM HISTÓRIA E MATEMÁTICA

Abstract

This work aims to organize the analysis of an object in a pedagogical perspective based on Material Culture whose basis is established in the historical materialism of the Marxist tradition. According to Meneses (1983), Material Culture is a set of social norms and practices, through which man appropriates the physical environment. Specific purposes were established: to present a methodological path, highlighting its stages of development, which allows analyzing an artifact with a focus on Material Culture and presenting a didactic proposition with History and Mathematics from the perspective of Material Culture. The object analysis was organized into four analytical operations: description, evaluation, cultural analysis and diachronic interpretation of the object. A bibliographical and descriptive research was carried out, assuming Material Culture as a theoretical reference. The descriptive stage emphasized the analytical operations of a tray, followed by a didactic proposition in the teaching of Mathematics. The description of the mathematical scope of the tray was developed in the descriptive operation of the artifact. It can be concluded that although Material Culture has its genesis in the Human Sciences; and be applied, mainly, in the disciplines of History, Geography, Sociology and Philosophy; one cannot ignore the existence of mathematical concepts in artifacts, whose social function can bring cultural meanings to the fore. From a historiographical perspective of Mathematics, it is believed that mathematical objects are important in the historical-cultural scenario and their contextualization is related to this applicability. For example, the tray illustrates geometric figures depicting the geometry present in everyday life built from the mobilization of mathematical knowledge. Finally, one can think of Material Culture in an approach focused on Mathematics Education, in which it is envisaged to provide the learning of Mathematics involving, in addition to the study of mathematical concepts present in the object, the historical knowledge that is incorporated in it.