Educação indígena nas regiões Árticas da Rússia: resposta a pandemias
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20952/revtee.v14i33.16910Palavras-chave:
Regiões árticas, Ensino à distância, Indígena, Educação nômade, PandemiaResumo
O artigo atualiza a problemática da organização do ensino a distância no sistema educacional de povos indígenas, incluindo aqueles que levam um estilo de vida nômade ou semi-nômade com seus pais, no contexto das aulas de transformação da pandemia. Os autores apresentam os resultados do estudo 2020-2021 sobre a situação da aprendizagem à distância nas regiões árticas da Rússia (caso da República de Sakha (Yakutia) e Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug). As informações foram obtidas em monitoramentos, questionários e entrevistas com professores, alunos e gestores da educação. A pesquisa visa provar a desigualdade, mas encontrar medidas para melhorar a situação. Os autores traçam as perspectivas de transformação para o ambiente educacional digital em lugares remotos e ver se podemos minimizar a desigualdade e a injustiça social entre as crianças que vivem nos territórios centrais e nos locais mais remotos e isolados de residência tradicional dos pequenos povos indígenas. , incluindo aqueles que levam um estilo de vida nômade com seus pais.
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Referências
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Vanstein, Yu. V, & Shershneva, V. A. (2020). Adaptivnoye elektronnoye obucheniye v sovremennom obrazovanii [Adaptive e-learning in modern education]. Pedagogika, 84(5), 48-57 [in Rus.].
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Andreev, A. A., & Soldatkin, V. I. (1999). Distancionnoe obuchenie: sushhnost`, texnologiya, organizaciya [Distance learning: essence, technology, organization]. Moscow: Izdatel`stvo ME`SI, 196 p. [in Rus.].
Azano, A. P., & Stewart, T. T. (2016). Confronting challenges at the intersection of rurality, place, and teacher preparation: Improving efforts in teacher education to staff rural schools with qualified teachers. Global Education Review, 3, 108–128.
Baired, K. (2020, May 19). Caring for educators is the first step in serving students. THE Journal. Available: https://thejournal.com/articles/2020/05/19/caring-for-educators-is-the-first-step-in-serving-students.aspx (date of access: May 26, 2020).
Bochaver, A., Efimova, P., Mixajlova, O., Mixajlova, Ya., Ozornina, N., Pavlenko, K., Sivak, E., Timoshenko, N., Kapuza, A., Adamovich, K., & Kulieva, A. (2020). Roditeli i deti v period distancionnoj ucheby [Parents and children during distance learning]. Centr issledovanij sovremennogo detstva. Oficial`nyj sajt Instituta obrazovaniya NIU VShE [in Rus.].
Borup, J., & Stimson, R. J. (2019). Responsibilities of online teachers and on-site facilitators in online high school courses. American Journal of Distance Education, 33(1), 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2019.1554984
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. Lancet, 395, 912–920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
Chernobaj, E. V., & Davlatova, M. A. (2020). Izmenenie professional`nykh rolej uchitelya v usloviyax distancionnogo obucheniya shkol`nikov: aktual`nyj vzglyad [Changing the professional roles of teachers in the context of distance learning for schoolchildren: a current view]. Pedagogika, 11, 100-108 [in Rus.].
Cohen, J., & Kupferschmidt, K. (2020). Countries test tactics in ‘war’ against COVID-19. Science, 367(6484), 1287–1288. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.367.6484.1287
Department of Education of YaNAO. (2020a). Vse tonkosti distantsionki. Departament obrazovaniya rasskazal onlayn [All the subtleties of remote control. Department of Education told online]. Available: https://sever-press.ru/2020/04/07/vse-tonkosti-distancionki-departament-obrazovanija-rasskazal-onlajn/ (date of access: October 11, 2020) [in Rus.].
Department of Education of YaNAO (2020b). Tsifrovoye — ne znachit distantsionnoye. Chto na samom dele predstoit shkol'nikam v seti [Digital doesn't mean remote. What really lies ahead for schoolchildren on the network]. Available: https://sever-press.ru/2020/06/29/cifrovoe-ne-znachit-distancionnoe-chto-na-samom-dele-predstoit-shkolnikam-v-seti/ (date of access: October 18, 2020) [in Rus.].
Department of Education of YaNAO. (2020c). Soglasheniya podpisany: v shkolakh Yamala budut vnedryat' produkty tsifrovykh obrazovatel'nykh platform [Agreements signed: Yamal schools will introduce products of digital educational platforms]. Available: https://do.yanao.ru/presscenter/news/48606/ (date of access: October 24, 2020) [in Rus.].
Fardoun, H., Gonzalez, C., Collazos, C. A., & Yousef, M. (2020). Estudio exploratorio en iberoamerica sobre procesos de ensenanza-aprendizaje y propuesta de evaluacion en tiempos de pandemia [Exploratory study in iberoamerica on the teaching-learning process and assessment proposal in the pandemic times]. Education in the Knowledge Society, 21, 171-179. https://doi.org/10.14201/eks.23537
Federal State Statistics Service. (n.d.). https://eng.rosstat.gov.ru/
Gabysheva, F. V., & Sitnikova, N. V. (2020). O sozdanii otkrytoj cifrovoj obrazovatel`noj sredy dlya korennykh narodov Severa, Sibiri, Dal`nego Vostoka [On the creation of an open digital educational environment for the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia, and the Far East]. In: Ivanova, A. V., Gulyaeva, A. R., & Unarova, V. Ya. (Eds.). Rodnye yazyki narodov Rossii v sisteme obrazovaniya: sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya: Vserossijskaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya [Native languages of the peoples of Russia in the education system: current state and development prospects: All-Russian scientific and practical conference], Moscow, Russia, December 12-13, 2019. Belgorod: KONSTANTA, pp. 163-168 [in Rus.].
Herold, B. (2020, April 10). The disparities in remote learning under coronavirus. EducationWeek. Available: https://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2020/04/10/the-disparities-in-remote-learning-under-coronavirus.html (date of access: May 22, 2020).
Huang, R., Tlili, A., Chang, T. W., Zhang, X., Nascimbeni, F., & Burgos, D. (2020). Disrupted classes, undisrupted learning during COVID-19 outbreak in Сhina: Application of open educational practices and resources. Smart Learning Environments, 7(1), 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40561-020-00125-8
Isaeva, N. V., Kasprazhak, A. G., Kobceva, A. A., & Czatryan, M. A. (2020, June 19). Shkol`nyj barometr. COVID-19: situaciya s ucheniem i obucheniem v rossijskikh shkolakh [School barometer. COVID-19: The situation with the teaching and teaching in Russian schools]. Analiticheskij byullyuten` NIU VShE ob ekonomicheskikh i social`nykh posledstviyakh koronovirusa v Rossii i v mire, 6, 92-109. Available: https://www.hse.ru/mirror/pubs/share/373732979.pdf [in Rus.].
Kaden, U. (2020). Covid-19 school closure-related changes to the professional life of a k–12 teacher. Education Sciences, 10(6), 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci10060165
Kondakov, A. M., & Sergeev, I. S. (2020) Bazovye cennosti rossijskoj civilizacii i ikh transformaciya na etape perekhoda k cifrovomu obshhestvu [Basic values of Russian civilization and their transformation at the stage of transition to a digital society]. Pedagogika, 6, 5-23 [in Rus.].
Kornilov, I. V., Danilov, D. A., Kornilova, A. G., & Kovtun, T. I. (2017). Methodical approaches to implementation of electronic educational technologies in professional academic teacher training. Man in India, 97(15), 441-460 [in Rus.].
Kornilov, I. V., Nikolayeva, A. D., Golikov, A. I., & Gosudarev, I. B. (2019). Education system features in the Arctic Economic Zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) of the Russian Federation: An expert assessment. Espacios, 40(9), 1-20.
Kornilov, Yu. V., & Gosudarev, I. B. (2019). Opyt razrabotki onlajn-kursov i organizacii onlajn-obucheniya v vysshej shkole [Experience in developing online courses and organizing online education in higher education]. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya, 5, 60 [in Rus.].
Kosareczkij, S. G. (2020) Uroki pandemii dlya obshhego i dopolnitel`nogo obrazovaniya [Pandemic lessons for general and additional education]. Centr obshhego i dopolnitel`nogo obrazovaniya im. A.A. Pinskogo Instituta obrazovaniya. Oficial`nyj sajt Instituta obrazovaniya NIU VShE.
Lellis-Santos, C., & Abdulkader, F. (2020). Smartphone-assisted experimentation as a didactic strategy to maintain practical lessons in remote education: Alternatives for physiology education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Advances in Physiology Education, 44(4), 579-586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00066.2020
MacIntyre, P. D., Gregersen, T., & Mercer, S. (2020). Language teachers’ coping strategies during the covid-19 conversion to online teaching: Correlations with stress, wellbeing and negative emotions. System, 94, 102352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2020.102352
Mohmmed, A. O., Khidhir, B. A., Nazeer, A., & Vijayan, V. J. (2020). Emergency remote teaching during coronavirus pandemic: The current trend and future directive at Middle East College Oman. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 5(3), 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41062-020-00326-7
Nikolaeva, A. D., & Sitnikova, N. V.(2020). Sostoyanie i usloviya povysheniya effektivnosti distancionnogo obucheniya v sel`skikh shkolakh [The state and conditions for increasing the effectiveness of distance learning in rural schools]. In: Neustroev, N. D. (Ed.). Vospitanie i obuchenie detej narodov Severa v kontekste indigennogo podkhoda. Sbornik materialov Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii [Education and training of children of the peoples of the North in the context of the indigenous approach. Collection of materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference]. Kirov: Mezhregional`nyj centr innovacionnykh texnologij v obrazovanii, pp. 23-26 [in Rus.].
Panov, V. I., Borisovenko, N. A., Kappczov, A. V., Kolesnikova, E. I., Patrakov, E. V., Plaksina, I. V., & Sunnatova, R. I. (2020). Nekotorye itogi cifrovizacii obrazovaniya na primere vynuzhdennogo udalennogo shkol`nogo obucheniya [Some results of digitalization of education on the example of forced remote schooling]. Pedagogika, 9, 65-77 [in Rus.].
Perminova, L. M. (2020) Cifrovoe obrazovanie: ozhidaniya, vozmozhnosti, riski [Digital education: expectations, opportunities, risks]. Pedagogika, 3, 28-37 [in Rus.].
Polat, E. S. (Ed.). (2020). Teoriya i praktika distancionnogo obucheniya: uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov [Theory and practice of distance learning: A textbook for universities] (2nd ed. revised and enlarged). Moscow: Izdatel`stvo Yurajt, 434 p. [in Rus.].
Reich, J., Buttimer, C. J., Fang, A., Hillaire, G., Hirsch, K., Larke, L. R., & Slama, R. (2020, April 2). Remote learning guidance from state education agencies during the covid-19 pandemic: A first look. https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/437e2
Saprykina, D. I., & Volokhovich, A. A. (2020). Problemy perekhoda na distancionnoe obuchenie v Rossijskoj Federacii glazami uchitelej [Problems of transition to distance learning in the Russian Federation through the eyes of teachers]. Laboratoriya mediakommunikacij v obrazovanii NIU VShE. Available: https://ioe.hse.ru/fao_distant [in Rus.].
Sitnikova, N. V., & Gabysheva, F. V. (2020). Programma „Deti Arktiki“ Respubliki Sakha (Yakutiya) kak osnova dlya mezhdunarodnogo proekta Arkticheskogo soveta [The Children of the Arctic program of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) as a basis for the international project of the Arctic Council]. Arktika 2035: Aktual`nye voprosy, problemy, resheniya, 4, 80–88 [in Rus.].
Sitnikova, N. V., & Nikolaeva, A. D. (2020). Modern Nomads: Education on the Way. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(13), 3156–3162 [in Rus.].
Van Lancker, W., & Parolin, Z. (2020). COVID-19, school closures, and child poverty: A social crisis in the making. Lancet Public Health, 5, 243–244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30084-0
Vanstein, Yu. V, & Shershneva, V. A. (2020). Adaptivnoye elektronnoye obucheniye v sovremennom obrazovanii [Adaptive e-learning in modern education]. Pedagogika, 84(5), 48-57 [in Rus.].
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2021-12-21
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Sitnikova, N. V., & Nikolaeva, A. D. . (2021). Educação indígena nas regiões Árticas da Rússia: resposta a pandemias. Revista Tempos E Espaços Em Educação, 14(33), e16910. https://doi.org/10.20952/revtee.v14i33.16910
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