Regulación de las relaciones profesionales y laborales de los docentes universitarios: práctica internacional y características nacionales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20952/revtee.v14i33.15129Palabras clave:
Educación superior, Relaciones laborales, Sistema incentivador, Métodos de enseñanza innovadoresResumen
El presente artículo se centra en un análisis general de las relaciones laborales en una universidad moderna, así como en el estudio de algunas características específicas de estas relaciones. En las últimas décadas, la política económica en la educación superior ha cambiado significativamente en diferentes países del mundo. El objetivo del estudio es analizar enfoques modernos para regular la situación laboral de un docente universitario y sus elementos. Los autores investigan la historia de las transformaciones de la educación superior desde la década de 1990 que dieron como resultado que la educación superior pasara de la esfera de la producción de capital humano a una rama independiente del sector de servicios. El artículo muestra que, como resultado de las reformas del sistema de educación superior, se están produciendo cambios en la gestión universitaria, el sistema de relaciones laborales y el estatus socioeconómico de los profesores universitarios. Se exploran varios modelos de gestión universitaria. Está demostrado que en el entorno moderno, el control interno es reemplazado por el control externo, la libertad académica es dejada de lado por la administración y los estándares académicos son modificados y reemplazados por reglas formales. Estas reformas van acompañadas de importantes cambios en las relaciones laborales y el papel del personal directivo y docente en las universidades. Se estudian varios ejemplos de la construcción de relaciones laborales con docentes adoptados en diferentes países. Se presta especial atención a los enfoques para estimular las actividades docentes. Ante la difícil situación actual provocada por la pandemia COVID-19, se consideran los problemas de las relaciones laborales agravados con la transición a la educación a distancia y semipresencial. Se identifican los inconvenientes que impiden una educación superior de mayor calidad en Rusia. Se presentan propuestas para mejorar la regulación de las relaciones laborales en el ámbito de la educación superior orientadas a mejorar su calidad.
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Ergasheva, F.B. (2019). Voprosy valentnosti v sovremennom nemetskom iazyke. [Questions of valence in the modern German language]. Voprosy pedagogiki, 11(2), 276-281.
Evans, L. (2017). University professors as academic leaders: Professorial leadership development needs and provision. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 45(1), 123–140.
Fisher, G.G., Truxillo, D.M., & Finkelstein, L.M. (2017). Age discrimination: Potential for adverse impact and differential prediction related to age. Human Resource Management Review, 27(2), 316-327.
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Gill, R. (2009). Breaking the silence: The hidden injuries of neo-liberal academia. In: Flood, R. & Gill, R. (eds.) Secrecy and Silence in the Research Process: Feminist Reflections. London: Routledge.
Gladkikh, B.A. (2005). Sistema vysshego obrazovaniia v SShA: osobennosti organizatsii i upravleniia [The system of higher education in the United States: features of organization and management]. Ekonomika obrazovaniia, 6, 68-89.
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Head, S. (2011). Chto ugrozhaet britanskim universitetam? [The Grim Threat to British Universities]. Voprosy obrazovaniia, 2, 282-295.
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Konev, V.A. (2018). Universitet: iz galaktiki Gutenberga v galaktiku Tsukerberga [University: from the Gutenberg galaxy to the Zuckerberg galaxy]. Tomsk State University Journal of Philosophy, Sociology and Political Science, 42, 145–153.
Kudzh, S.A. & Golovanova, N.B. (2020). O sovershenstvovanii mekhanizmov podgotovki nauchno-pedagogicheskikh kadrov i perspektivy tselevogo obucheniia v interesakh vuzov [On improving the mechanisms for training scientific and pedagogical personnel and the prospects for targeted training in the interests of universities]. Russian Technological Journal, 8(4), 112-128.
Kurbatova, M.V. (2016). Izmenenie kharaktera otnoshenii mezhdu rukovoditeliami i prepodavateliami vuzov v rezultate vnedreniia novykh instrumentov upravleniia [Changes in the nature of relations between the heads and teachers of universities as a result of the introduction of new management tools]. Teoriia i praktika ispolzovaniia dogovornogo regulirovaniia sotsialno-trudovykh i obrazovatelnykh otnoshenii v organizatsiiakh vysshego i professionalnogo obrazovaniia: Materials of the All-Russiam scientific and practical conference: Ryazan, Ryazan State Radio Engineering University.
Lan Hong, N.T., Van Tuyen, T., Pushkarev, V.V., Fadeev, P.V., & Khmelev, S.A. (2020). Criminal prosecution of persons who do not speak the language of criminal. Revista Inclusiones, 7(2020): 121-125.
Lazareva, G.Iu. (2020). Formirovanie i razvitie sistemy sotsialno-trudovykh otnoshenii v usloviiakh transformatsii rossiiskoi sistemy vysshego obrazovaniia na osnove balansa interesov [Formation and development of the system of social and labor relations in the context of the transformation of the Russian higher education system based on the balance of interests]. Bulletin of the Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (Novocherkassk Polytechnic Institute). Series: Socio-economic sciences, 13(4), 53-61.
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Lobova, S.V., Bocharov, S.N., Ponkina, E.V. (2020). Tsifrovizatsiia: meinstrim dlia universitetskogo obrazovaniia i vyzovy dlia prepodavatelei [Digitalization: mainstream for university education and challenges for teachers]. University Management: Practice and Analysis, 24(2), 92–106.
Maiburov, I. (2003). Vysshee obrazovanie v razvitykh stranakh [Higher education in developed countries]. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii, 2, 25.
Markova, T.L. (2012). Professionalnaia deiatelnost prepodavatelei vysshei shkoly Rossii i SShA: sravnitelnyi analiz [Professional activity of higher education teachers in Russia and the USA: comparative analysis]: summary of a Ph.D. dissertation in social sciences. Ekaterinburg.
Matthews, J.R. (2013). To retire or not to retire? That is the question. Teaching of Psychology, 40(4), 330–332.
MOOC mogut izmenit ekonomiku vysshego obrazovaniia [MOOC can change the economy of higher education]. (n.d.). Universitetskaia kniga: informatsionno-analiticheskii zhurnal. Retrieved from: http://www.unkniga.ru/companynews/7576-moos-mogut-izmenit-ekonomiku-vysshegoobrazovaniya.html
Nascimento, L. F. do, & Cavalcante, M. M. D. (2018). Abordagem quantitativa na pesquisa em educação: investigações no cotidiano escolar. Revista Tempos e Espaços em Educação, 11(25), 249-260.
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2021-01-22
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Abdulkadyrov, U. U. ., Pak, O. A. ., & Makushkin, S. A. . (2021). Regulación de las relaciones profesionales y laborales de los docentes universitarios: práctica internacional y características nacionales. Revista Tempos E Espaços Em Educação, 14(33), e15129. https://doi.org/10.20952/revtee.v14i33.15129
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